Manifestations and Management of Upper Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Children with Atopic Eczema

Abstract

Atopic dermatitis in children is a chronic inflammatory skin disease often accompanied by the involvement of other organs and systems, primarily the digestive tract. A significant proportion of patients—particularly those with moderate to severe forms—exhibit gastrointestinal symptoms that can exacerbate the course of the underlying disease and impair quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical manifestations of upper gastrointestinal tract dysfunction in children with atopic dermatitis and to develop approaches for its management.The study enrolled children with a confirmed diagnosis of atopic dermatitis. A comprehensive assessment included evaluating dermatological status using the SCORAD index, analyzing complaints and medical history regarding the digestive system, and employing instrumental and laboratory diagnostic methods to detect upper gastrointestinal tract pathology. Particular attention was paid to the frequency and nature of abdominal pain, dyspeptic disorders, and abnormalities in appetite and bowel function. The study demonstrated that gastrointestinal manifestations in children with atopic dermatitis occur significantly more frequently than in the control group and correlate with the extent of the skin lesions. The most characteristic symptoms included abdominal pain, nausea, belching, heartburn, and upper gastrointestinal motility disorders. Gastroduodenal pathology was observed more frequently in children with diffuse skin involvement and high SCORAD index scores. These findings support a differentiated therapeutic approach that encompasses not only standard anti-inflammatory skin treatment but also the timely management of identified digestive system disorders. Thus, upper gastrointestinal tract dysfunction is a clinically significant component of atopic dermatitis in children; its detection and targeted management help optimize comprehensive therapy and improve the overall prognosis of the disease, underscoring the need for an interdisciplinary approach to the care of such patients