Arterial hypertension and quality of life of pregnant women: Optimization of pharmacotherapy

Abstract

Arterial hypertension is one of the most common extragenital complications of pregnancy, significantly affecting both the course of gestation and the woman's subjective well-being. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of optimized antihypertensive pharmacotherapy on the quality of life of pregnant women with arterial hypertension. The study included pregnant women with chronic and gestational hypertension who underwent therapy adjustments based on their hemodynamic profile, individual drug tolerability, and gestational age. Quality of life was assessed using validated questionnaires covering physical, psychological, and social functioning. A comparative analysis was conducted on indicators before and after treatment optimization, alongside a comparison with a group of pregnant women without hypertensive disorders. Baseline quality of life scores in pregnant women with hypertension were found to be reduced, particularly in the domains of physical functioning, vitality, and emotional state. Following therapy optimization, significant improvements were observed in both clinical parameters—including blood pressure stability—and subjective health assessments. Patients receiving individualized treatment reported fewer limitations in daily activities, sleep disturbances, and symptoms of anxiety. A correlation was identified between the degree of blood pressure control and changes in quality of life scores. These results highlight the need to incorporate quality of life assessment into the management protocol for pregnant women with arterial hypertension, as this fosters treatment adherence and improves perinatal outcomes.